Kusama

<p>We are pleased to announce a collaboration with <a href="https://robonomics.network/">Robonomics</a> for the launch of parachains on the Kusama (KSM) network. Through this partnership, <a href="https://p2p.org/">P2P Validator</a> will roll out, maintain and support infrastructure for Robonomics parachain when Robonomics wins a slot within a Kusama parachain auction. </p><p>P2P Validator will help to ensure a smooth launch and sustained support of Robonomics parachains through rolling out an optimal number of collators and full nodes to organise all associated parachain data. In addition to this, we will work with Robonomics to produce new block candidates by passing them to the relevant validators across the Kusama relay chain.</p><p>Robonomics is an open-source server-less IoT platform on top of Ethereum and Polkadot. Its main goal is to bring the economy of robots into the 4th industrial revolution.</p><p>Kusama parachain is an excellent opportunity for Robonomics to scale up to 1 million IoT devices connected in real-time without any centralized regulators.</p><p>Through this partnership, P2P aims to demonstrate our technical infrastructure capabilities across the Kusama blockchain. As a leading non-custodial staking provider securing more than $3 billion in assets across 25+ staking networks, we are thrilled to work with Robonomics on this exciting project. </p><hr><h2 id="useful-resources">Useful Resources</h2><p>To find out more about Robonomics crowdloan campaign, visit the <a href="https://robonomics.network/kusama-slot/?ref=p2p">dedicated crowdloan page</a>. Don’t forget to unbond your KSM to participate in the crowdloan. </p><p>To learn more about Polkadot and Kusama, please visit P2P’s support centre: “<a href="https://help.p2p.org/en/articles/5161573-kusama-ksm-staking-faq"><strong>Kusama Staking FAQ</strong></a>” &amp; “<a href="https://help.p2p.org/en/articles/5094261-polkadot-dot-staking-faq"><strong>Polkadot Staking FAQ</strong></a>”.</p>

<h3 id="summary">Summary</h3><p>115 validators of different staking providers received "unapplied slash" during the era 2249 in Kusama due to not sending "I'm online" signal. 45 out of 115 validators are P2P validators where a possible slash would be around 0.6% of active stake.</p><p>Unapplied status means that it can be reverted through governance action, which is exactly what happened in that case.</p><h3 id="customer-impact">Customer Impact</h3><p>All slashings have been reverted and no customer funds are impacted thanks to councils who supported the request and voted for the <a href="https://kusama.polkassembly.io/motion/295">motion 295</a> to cancel the slashing.</p><h2 id="what-happened">What Happened</h2><p>Almost all of the active P2P Validator nodes were running <strong>0.9.0 version</strong>. Monitoring showed perfect performance although sometimes we detected CPU spikes during the election.</p><p>On May 13, there was a release note issued for the <a href="https://github.com/paritytech/polkadot/releases/tag/v0.9.1">0.9.1 version</a>. The release had “Low (upgrade at your convenience)” upgrade priority. P2P started to roll out this version gradually because this is our SoP for low priority upgrades.</p><p>On May 14, we got a notification via Kusama Validator Lounge chat which said: <em>“Just a heads up that the<strong> </strong>9010 runtime upgrade will happen in ~55 minutes at block 7,468,792. If your node is not on at least version v0.9.0, it will not be able to sync after that”</em></p><p>After the runtime 9010 had been applied, part of our monitoring services based on @polkadot-js/api stopped working due to it being an older version than required with the fresh runtime upgrade. We had an alert which would  have been triggered if all CPU cores had 95%+ load at once, but as only one core had been overloaded, it didn't fire. Therefore, we didn’t figure out that a  number of our nodes would get slashed. It took about 40 mins to understand what exactly had happened.</p><p><strong>See diagrams:</strong></p><p>CPU time of node under v0.9.0 that experienced CPU load during the election.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh4.googleusercontent.com/xbMcNNQasSYF-CWTDqRaczqDUKVhZcf2FFbTC5_ubeGcZs1mpMGCES6MOxYgZxW0NtLCNl4Nzcb5qNp5IzYk0BcgHQCrp2s0qVazGGMvct2QbkIgbpMlDX0dfNGcSPE373RGV0pJ" class="kg-image" alt></figure><p>CPU time of node under v0.9.1 - no spikes</p><p></p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh5.googleusercontent.com/uqe0ePHHepSaTDa5rueOthMvifsFhezANDS7Y-vkQ5QxbfSO1QuPJbHiqVcwf9I8Xshh7pd2uzS-VWtzbZEGtJzgO02JojrjRAAaOEZwpaVdiAMNg835F0KHctcxPkuSUEab1XGO" class="kg-image" alt></figure><p>Logs records nodes running on v0.9.0</p><p></p><p>Looking at logs it becomes clear that after the runtime upgrade, nodes were experiencing some issues with performance. We caught 61780 events, which is a huge number and very unusual.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/bQTU71RRrNxVcfTAW8tKOgg-FQmrsrbYq3k5v2DeFqyyh4rWq3oyb-hbUq30BfzL5QdeuCda8XisWvr1C5i62oYkFPMpADfKWv5zhcdzbYGrC6tieoJzZXwTHDd2syjP0qB2Xk9l" class="kg-image" alt></figure><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://lh6.googleusercontent.com/tyErRh-yx8nhKGrEDIWdEcEwdmMKQfH-bv0w0VCNaZ_kG3yFmS2-7wNJq-EJmERFnoiUl1tV8LWSXpINXw8lt6hOoJ_Zyf5z9QoQpmTplkZUNfNLAHs2HalIv42I7QvVeE4PYT59" class="kg-image" alt></figure><p><br>During CPU spikes, our validators were not able to send "heartbeat" events. Therefore all 115 validators got slashed due to the concurrent unresponsiveness of a bunch of validators, see offence <a href="https://wiki.polkadot.network/docs/en/learn-staking#slashing">Level 2</a>.</p><p></p><p><strong>In order to avoid further slashing, P2P team undertook the necessary steps as follows:</strong></p><p><strong>May 14, 21:30:00</strong></p><ul><li>Fix monitoring service</li></ul><p><strong>May 15, 00:30:00</strong></p><ul><li>Validation is recovered on all P2P validators</li></ul><p><strong>May 15, 00:40:00</strong></p><ul><li>Investigation in collaboration with other nodes operators and the Kusama dev team occurred.</li></ul><p><strong>May 15, 05:00:00</strong></p><ul><li>All Kusama nodes have upgraded to v0.9.1 that solved CPU spikes issue</li></ul><p><strong>May 15, 19:00:00</strong></p><ul><li>Set “--wasm-execution Compiled” flag for all Kusama nodes<br></li></ul><p>----</p><p>Slashing was reverted by one of council member Raul Romanutti who proposed cancellation of slash submitting the <a href="https://kusama.polkassembly.io/motion/295">motion 295</a> and no user funds were affected.</p><p>----</p><h3 id="lessons-learnt">Lessons Learnt</h3><ul><li>We should have  more resilient monitoring for our nodes and infrastructure</li><li>Follow polkadot-js releases to upgrade libraries on time</li><li>Look closely at network status during runtime upgrades</li></ul><h3 id="what-s-next">What’s Next</h3><ul><li>We are going to work on new infrastructure and improvements for monitoring services that will help us to avoid such cases.</li></ul>

<p>If you participated in a Polkadot fundraiser and received your DOT indicator tokens you can claim KSM with your original Ethereum address.</p><p><em><em>This guide is out of date, for actual instruction use <a href="https://economy.p2p.org/polkadot-nomination-guide">Polkadot nomination guide</a> and repeat the same steps for Kusama. To get list of up-to-date addresses for nomination in Kusama visit <a href="https://p2p.org/kusama">p2p.org/kusama</a>)</em></em></p><p><a href="https://economy.p2p.org/kusama-network-delegation-guide/#create-an-account-on-kusama-network">Create an account on Kusama network</a></p><p><a href="https://economy.p2p.org/kusama-network-delegation-guide/#claim-your-ksm">Claim your KSM</a></p><p><a href="https://economy.p2p.org/kusama-network-delegation-guide/#nominate-validators">Nominate validators</a></p><h1 id="create-an-account-on-kusama-network"><strong>Create an account on Kusama network</strong></h1><p>First, you need to create a Kusama account. Visit <a href="https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/accounts">Polkadot UI</a>, go to <code>Settings</code> tab and select <code>address prefix</code>.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/prefix.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/prefix.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/prefix.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/prefix.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>In a dropdown menu select Kusama (canary) and click <code>Save</code>.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/2-13.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/2-13.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/2-13.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/2-13.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Go to <code>Account</code> tab and press <code>Add account</code> button</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/3-12.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/3-12.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/3-12.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/3-12.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Complete all the required fields and save all information in a secure place. For future ease add in the name of the account “stash” to identify it easily in the future or add a tag after creation. You will be able to download and store your encrypted keystore locally.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/4-8.png" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/4-8.png 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/4-8.png 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/4-8.png 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Press <code>Save</code> and backup your account</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/5-7.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/5-7.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/5-7.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/5-7.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>For secure staking you will need to have at least two accounts:</p><p><strong><strong>Stash</strong></strong> - the primary account that holds the funds. The funds can be kept in a cold wallet and all bonded KSM are locked. After unbonding, users must wait for a time before they can access the locked funds.</p><p><strong><strong>Controller</strong></strong> - a separate account to control and perform commands for stash account, like changing nominations, starting or stopping nominating and so on. It needs to have sufficient funds in KSM to send transactions when actions are taken.</p><p>Now you have created one account that initially will perform both functions. It will appear in your <code>Accounts</code> tab. After enablement of transactions, it is recommended to create a separate account, send 1 KSM to it and use it as a controller.</p><h1 id="claim-your-ksm"><strong>Claim your KSM</strong></h1><p>After account registration you need to claim your KSM. Go to the <a href="https://polkadot.js.org/apps/#/claims">claim app</a> on Polkadot UI, select your account and press <code>Continue</code>.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/6-4.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/6-4.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/6-4.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/6-4.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>To connect Kusama address with Ethereum fundraiser address you will need to sign the message with the ETH address that has DOT indicator tokens and paste the transaction signature in the empty box below.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/7-3.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/7-3.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/7-3.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/7-3.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>To sign a transaction you can use MyCrypto (MC) or MyEtherWallet (MEW). For increased security, you can run one of the preferred applications on your local computer. Make sure you have downloaded the latest version for your operating system.</p><p>In MC go to <code>Sign &amp; Verify Message</code>, in MEW go to <code>Message</code> tab. Copy text from the dotted box in the Polkadot claim app you used at the start and paste it into the empty message box in the MC or MEW and click <code>Sign</code>.</p><p>After that you will get an output. Copy and paste it into the empty box in the Polkadot claim app and press <code>Confirm claim</code>.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/8-3.png" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/8-3.png 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/8-3.png 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/8-3.png 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>If you have a valid claim you will see a green box. This means that you are able to take part in staking and governance. Token transfers are prohibited at the moment.</p><h1 id="nominate-validators"><strong>Nominate validators</strong></h1><p><strong><strong>a)</strong></strong> First you need to bond your KSM that are in the stash account.</p><p>Visit the<a href="https://polkadot.js.org/apps"> Polkadot UI</a> and select <code>Staking</code> tab.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/9-3.png" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/9-3.png 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/9-3.png 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/9-3.png 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Then choose <code>Account actions</code> tab at the top of the screen</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/10-2.png" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/10-2.png 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/10-2.png 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/10-2.png 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>Press <code>New stake</code> button</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/11-2.png" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/11-2.png 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/11-2.png 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/11-2.png 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>In the modal window choose your stash account and a controller account (in our case they are the same and their names and addresses will match). Put the number of KSM you are willing to bond.</p><p><strong><strong>This amount should be less than the total amount in your stash</strong></strong> to pay fees or set a separate controller account for your stash account in future.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/12-2.png" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/12-2.png 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/12-2.png 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/12-2.png 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><strong><strong>b)</strong></strong> After your KSM are bonded you will be able to nominate up to 16 validators. Bonded tokens will be automatically delegated to chosen validators in a proportion that will be defined by the algorithm. If you want to delegate a specific number of tokens to a particular validator you have to select only one validator for your stash account. The number of tokens bonded in this stash account will be delegated to this validator.</p><p>Go to <code>Staking overview</code> tab. In the left-hand column are the initial Proof-of-Authority validators that do not accept nominations. To nominate P2P Validator find us in the right-hand column.</p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/13-2.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/13-2.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/13-2.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/13-2.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p><strong><strong>You can find an up-to-date list of recommended addresses on <a href="https://p2p.org/kusama">our website</a>. Copy our addresses one by one:</strong></strong></p><figure class="kg-card kg-image-card"><img src="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/14-1.PNG" class="kg-image" alt srcset="https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w600/2020/09/14-1.PNG 600w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/size/w1000/2020/09/14-1.PNG 1000w, https://economy.p2p.org/content/images/2020/09/14-1.PNG 1600w" sizes="(min-width: 720px) 720px"></figure><p>After that scroll up to <code>Account Actions</code> tab that is above the <code>Staking</code> tab and you will see your bonded account.</p><p>Press the <code>Nominate</code> button and paste the copied address in the blank field.</p><p>Sign and submit the transaction.</p><hr><p><em><em>Hooray, now you can officially call yourself a nominator and are fully prepared to earn rewards immediately after the launch of public network.</em></em></p><hr><p><strong><strong>P2P Validator</strong></strong> offers high-quality staking facilities and provides up to date information for educational purposes. Stay tuned for updates and new blog posts.</p><p><strong><strong>Web:</strong></strong><a href="https://p2p.org/"> https://p2p.org</a></p><p><strong><strong>Stake KSM with us:</strong></strong> <a href="https://p2p.org/kusama">https://p2p.org/kusama</a></p><p><strong><strong>Twitter:</strong></strong><a href="https://twitter.com/p2pvalidator"> @p2pvalidator</a></p><p><strong><strong>Telegram:</strong></strong> <a href="https://t.me/P2Pstaking">https://t.me/P2Pstaking</a></p>